Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate
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To assist in the interpretation of the data, it can be displayed using the Hawaii Ocean Time-series Data Organization & Graphical System (HOT-DOGS©).

Sampling Procedure

The amount of living microbial biomass in the water column was determined by the measurement of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) concentrations. Seawater samples were filtered through glass fiber filters (Whatman GF/F, 47 mm diameter) to collect particulate material and the filters placed in boiling Tris-buffer for ATP extraction. ATP concentrations were measured on a Turner Luminometer using the firefly bioluminescence technique described by Karl and Holm-Hansen (1978).

The average field precision of Particulate ATP determinations during 2022 determined from triplicate analyses are presented in the Table below. The figure below shows the time-series of our in-house check standard. Should the mean result of the calculated check standard value fall outside the control limits, a new dilution curve will be made and the check standard remeasured against the new curve.

Values obtained using an in-house check standard at 5 ng ATP/ml. The check standard is used to verify the independently made standard curve dilution series used in each analytical run. The mean (± stdev, n=141) was 4.852 ± 0.242 ng ml-1.

Results

The concentration of particulate ATP resembles those of the particulate bioelements, showing maximum concentration near the surface and a decreasing profile with depth (Figure 53). Surface ocean ATP varies between years more than three-fold, with conspicuously high levels noted in 1994-1995.