HOT-117: Chief Scientist Report

Chief Scientist: L. TUPAS

Vessel: R/V Ka'Imikai O' Kanaloa
Loading: July 21, 2000			
Departed: July 24, 2000 at 0900	
Returned: July 28, 2000 at 0800

Chief Scientist: Dr. Louie Tupas	
Master: Captain Ross Barnes
Deck Operations: Mr. Dave Gravatt	
Electronics Technician: Mr. Steve Poulos

1.	SCIENCE PERSONNEL

	Luis Tupas - UH, scientist
	John Dore  UH, scientist
	Karin Bjorkman  UH, scientist
	Terry Houlihan  UH, research associate
	Lance Fujieki - UH, computer specialist
	Ursula Magaard - UH, research associate
	Don Wright - UH, research associate
	Fernando Santiago-Mandujano - UH, research associate
	Mark Valenciano  UH, marine technician
	Lal Ratnapala  UH graduate student
	Colleen Allen  UH, research associate
	Caludia Benitez-Nelson  UH, scientist
	Jennifer Brum  HPU, undergraduate student
	Lal Ratnapala  UH, graduate assistant
	John Waterbury - WHOI, scientist
	Pati Turner  UCSC, research associate
	Joseph Montoya  Georgia Tech, scientist
	Roberta Hamme - UW, graduate student
	
2.	GENERAL SUMMARY

All objectives of the JGOFS and WOCE programs were completed. All
planned stations were occupied. Weather and sea conditions were good.
All core samples were taken. The 36 hour CTD burst sampling period was
interrupted twice to reterminate the CTD package. The second deep cast
was aborted due to concerns with the CTD cable. All samples for
ancillary projects were taken. Guest scientists and students were able
to accomplish their work. Floating sediment trap array and primary
production array deployed and recovered successfully. No samples were
lost during the in-situ incubations.  ADCP measurements were made
throughout the cruise. A CTD cast and asmples were taken at the
recently deployed HALE ALOHA mooring.


3.	R/V Ka Imikai O Kanaloa, OFFICERS AND CREW, TECHNICAL SUPPORT

Ship's crew gave excellent support and showed enthusiasm and concern
for our work and were very flexible in receiving changes in our
operational schedule and logistical support. Technical support during
this cruise was excellent. STAG personnel were available at any time to
assist in our work and made things much easier for us. During the
cruise, email was not reliable but the skyphone made it possible for us
to retrieve the satellite positions of the sediment trap. Best wishes
for AB Wes Hinau who is moving on and did his last cruise with us.


4.	DAILY REPORT OF ACTIVITIES

Cruise planning

This was one of the more difficult cruises to plan and execute because
of the large number of scientists participating in the cruise. Aside
from the already large complement from the JGOFS and WOCE staff, there
were four visiting scientists from different institutions. A lot of
coordination was necessary as each of the visiting scientists had
separate scientific goals and logistical requirements. It was necessary
to plan very carefully for wire time and sample volume. The visiting
scientists also needed access to the marine center over the weekend.
Gate keys were obtained for this purpose. Furthermore, the group of
Montoya, Zehr and Waterbury were going to continue their experiment
after the cruise at HIMB. All visitors needed storage space for their
equipment as well as had to ship stuff out of the marine center after
the cruise. Because of the large number of participants, permission was
sought from the captain to berth scientists with the female cook and
the electronics technician.

July 21, 2000; Loading Day

Loading commenced at 7:30 A.M. The ship's main deck was configured for
HOT equipment. The main lab van and the rope winch were secured inside
the submarine hangar. The equipment van and second radiation van were
secured on the O-2 deck.  All deck and lab equipment were loaded and
secured within the ship's labs. All electrical and electronic
connections were made for the CTD. During the termination of the wire,
WOCE marine technician Mark Valenciano noted that the CTD cable
appeared to have been weakened. He was concerned about the quality of
the cable at this point. The cable was at least five years old and a
significant amount had already been cut away for each new termination
of the CTD package. All other equipment and containers were stowed away
and secured. All laboratory instruments were tested and appeared
functioning. No problems were encountered. Joe Montoya and John
Waterbury arrived in the late afternoon and was assisted by Dave Karl
to get to the ship. Louie Tupas and Dave Karl lent their gate passes to
them. Roberta Hamme and Pati Turner would arrive on Sunday and were
each given a gate key to enter the marine center compound. Space on the
ship was tight for all investigators. We eventually used the mezzanine
room as a science laboratory for Montoya and Waterbury. Dore and Brum
were accommodated in the lab van. Turner and Hamme got the clean lab
and Allen shared space with Benitez-Nelson.  Viton o-rings were used in
the first eight bottles to compare their closure properties with the
existing silicon o-rings. A toxicity test of the viton o-rings for
biological experiments was also done on this cruise.

July 24, 2000

We departed Snug Harbor at 0900. Fire and abandon ship drills were held
at around 0930. We arrived at Station Kahe at 1145. Weight cast was
started at 1200. No problems were apparent on the wire after the cast.
Light casts was completed by 1300.  CTD cast started at 1400. Work at
Station Kahe was accomplished by 1600 and the ship proceeded to Station
ALOHA.

July 25, 2000

Ship arrived at Station ALOHA at 0100. Two net tows were successfully
completed. During preparations for the sediment trap deployment, the
star board HIAB crane ceased operating with the hardhats suspended in
mid-air. Attempts were made to repair the crane but were unsuccessful
due to lack of the necessary part. The Aurora crane was used but the
array equipment still had to be laid out. The morning shift assisted
with the operation and the floating sediment traps were successfully
deployed at 0400.  The deep CTD cast was made at around 0400 and the
burst series commenced at 0900. Net tows and the light casts were
accomplished around noon and night. During the 1200 CTD cast, the CTD
operators noted a loss in signal after the package entered the water
and ordered the package immediately retrieved. During retrieval the
wire at the termination was badly frayed but the package was brought in
safely. During the retermination period, activities were rescheduled so
that the net tows and in-situ pumping was done during the CTD downtime.
CTD casts were resumed at 1545 and was carefully monitored. CTD casts
continued at the scheduled 3 hour intervals. Net tows were conducted at
night.

July 26, 2000

CTD casts and net tows were conducted as scheduled.  Primary production
experiment was conducted using rosette collected water bottles with
silicon o-rings. Water samples were also collected from the Go-Flo and
new external closing niskins.  Unfortunately  this comparison
experiment failed because the Go-Flo and Niskin water were not spiked
with isotope. A separate experiment was conducted to determine the
toxicity of viton o-rings. The test was successful and viton o-rings
were found to be clean and non-toxic to organisms. The primary
production array was successfully deployed at 0600. Prior to the 0630
cast  the CTD cable was again found to be compromised. A second
termination was made and tested. CTD casts continued at 0900 and
continued as scheduled. Net tows and light casts were completed as
scheduled. Primary production array recovery commenced at 1900 and
completed by 1930. All samples were retrieved.  CTD casts continued at
2100.

July 27, 2000 

Work continues as scheduled. Last CTD cast at Station ALOHA completed
at 0630. The second deep cast was aborted because of concerns for the
CTD cable. We received the ARGOS positions by email. Ship proceeded to
the trap location and traps retrieved at 0930. We prepared to set sail
for Station HALE ALOHA however the port shaft began to overheat and
ground speed was reduced to 7 knots. We arrived at HALE ALOHA at 1300
and commenced with the CTD cast. Cast completed by 1330 and ship was
underway at 1500. Travel was slow and bumpy because of the single
engine propulsion.

July 28, 2000; Return and offloading

The ship docked at 0730. Unloading commenced and completed at 1200. 

SAMPLES TAKEN FOR OTHER INVESTIGATORS

1. DIC water samples for Charles Keeling, SIO-UCSD
2. DIC water samples for Paul Quay, UW
3. Water samples for Jon Zehr, by Pati Turner, UCSC
4. Phosphorus experiments by Karin Bjorkman, UH
5. Aerosol and ozone measurements for J. Porter, UH
6. 15N sampling by Joe Montoya, GIT
7. Phosphorus sampling by Claudia Benitez-Nelson, UH
8. Nitrogen experiment by John Dore and Jennifer Brum, UH
9. Gas sampling by Roberta Hamme, UW
10. Microbial sampling by John Waterbury, WHOI
11. Primary production experiments by Louie Tupas, UH