Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT)
in the School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology at the University of Hawai'i at Manoa


HOT-163: Chief Scientist Report


Chief Scientist: F. SANTIAGO-MANDUJANO


           HOT-163 Chief Scientist's Cruise Report
                  R/V Ka'Imikai-O-Kanaloa
               September 27 - October 1, 2004

Cruise ID: KOK0422
Departed:  September 27, 2004 at 0900 (HST)
Returned:  October 1, 2004 at 0730
Vessel:  R/V Ka'Imikai-O-Kanaloa
Operator:  University of Hawaii
Master of the Vessel: Captain Ross Barnes
Chief Scientist: Fernando Santiago-Mandujano
STAG Electronics Technician: Daniel Fitzgerald
STAG Deck Operations: Dave Gravatt

1.  SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVES

 The objective of this cruise was to maintain a collection of
hydrographic and biogeochemical data at the Hawaii Ocean Time-series
(HOT) stations. Five stations were to be occupied during the cruise,
in the following order:

1) Station 1, referred to as Station Kahe, is located at 21 20.6'N,
158 16.4'W and was to be occupied on September 27 for about 2 hours.

2) Station 2: ALOHA (A Long Term Oligotrophic Habitat Assessment) is 
defined as a circle with a 6 nautical mile radius centered at 22 45'N, 
158W. This is the main HOT Station and was to be occupied for 3 days 
from September 28 to September 30.

3) Station 50, is the site of the Ocean Reference Station Mooring, 
located at 22 45'N, 157 54'W was to be occupied on September 30 for about
1/2 hour.

4) Station 51, is the site of the MOSEAN Mooring, 
located at 22 45'N, 158 6'W was to be occupied on September 30 for about
1/2 hour.

5) Station 6, referred to as Station Kaena, is located off Kaena Point
at 21 50.8'N, 158 21.8'W was to be occupied on September 30 for about
2 hours.

 A single CTD cast was to be conducted at Station 1 to collect
continuous profiles of various physical and chemical parameters. Water
samples were to be collected at discrete depths for biogeochemical
measurements.

 Upon arrival at Station ALOHA, a 1000 m CTD cast was to be conducted
to collect water for K. Bjorkman's experiment, followed by a net tow, 
and by the subsequent deployment of a free-drifting sediment trap array. 
After deployment, a full-depth CTD cast was to be conducted, followed by 
CTD casts at strict 3 hour intervals for at least 36 hours for continuous 
and discrete data collection, followed by another full-depth CTD cast.

 One free-drifting array was to be deployed for 12 hours for incubation 
experiments on September 29. 

 A plankton net was to be deployed near noon and midnight on September 28
and 29 at Station ALOHA.

 After CTD work at Station ALOHA was accomplished, the ship was to transit
to recover the floating sediment trap array. After recovering the
sediment traps, the ship was to transit to Sta. 50 to conduct a 200-m
CTD cast and then to return to Sta. ALOHA to continue light
cast operations. At the end of these operations, the ship was to transit
to Sta. 51 to conduct a 200-m CTD cast, after which the ship was to transit 
to Station 6.

 A near-bottom CTD cast (~2500 m) was to be conducted at Station 6
including salinity samples for calibration, after which the ship was 
to transit back to Snug Harbor.

 A Profiling Reflectance Radiometer (PRR) was to be deployed for half-hour
periods near noon time on September 27, 29 and 30.

 A package including a Wet Labs AC9, a Chelsea Fast Repetition Rate 
Fluorometer (FRRf), and a SeaBird Seacat was to be used to profile 
the upper 200 m at Sta. ALOHA at noon time on September 29 and 30.

 The following instruments were to collect data throughout the cruise: 
shipboard ADCP, thermosalinograph, fluorometer, and two anemometers.


2.  	SCIENCE PERSONNEL

BEACH group:

 Cruise Participant		 Title				Affiliation

 Karin Björkman			 Research Specialist		UH
 Tara Clemente (Watch Leader)	 Research Associate	        UH
 Lance Fujieki			 Computer Specialist          	UH
 Eric Grabowski 		 Research Associate	        UH
 Marcie Grabowski 		 Graduate Student	        UH
 Tom Gregory			 Research Associate		UH
 Cecelia Hannides		 Graduate Student	    	UH 
 Dan Sadler			 Research Associate		UH

PO group:
 Jamie Becker			 Volunteer			UH/M. Rappe
 Carole Berini			 Volunteer			HPU alumna
 Maya Iriondo			 Research Assistant	    	UH 
 Fernando Santiago-Mandujano	 Chief Scientist (Res. Assoc.)	UH
 Jefrey Snyder (Watch Leader)    Electronics Technician     	UH

Others:
 Leena Mahdi			 Graduate Student	    	UH/S. Donachie

3.  GENERAL SUMMARY

 
 Operations during the cruise were conducted as planned, with minor
delays in the schedule during the first 4 CTD casts at ALOHA Sta. 

 One 1000-m CTD cast was conducted at Kahe station. Fifteen 1000-m CTD 
casts and two deep casts (~4740 m) were conducted at Station ALOHA. Two
200-m CTD cast were conducted near the ORS and MOSEAN moorings (Stations
50 and 51) respectively. One deep cast (~2400 m) was conducted at station 
Kaena. 

 The array of floating sediment traps and the primary productivity
incubation array were deployed and recovered without incidents. Both 
arrays drifted west.

 C. Hannides completed successfully 6 plankton net tows. 

 The PRR and AC9/FRRf were deployed as planned. 

 The ADCP ran without interruption throughout the cruise, as well as the
thermosalinograph, fluorometer, and the ship's two anemometers. 

 Winds were easterlies of about 14 kt early in the cruise, increasing to
17 kt later in the cruise. A northward swell of about 7-8 ft persisted
during the cruise.

 We arrived back at Snug Harbor on October 1st at 0730. Full off-load 
took place immediately.


4.  R/V KA'IMIKAI O KANALOA, OFFICERS AND CREW, TECHNICAL SUPPORT

 The R/V Ka'Imikai O Kanaloa continues to maintain the excellent ship
support for our work. The officers and crew were most helpful and
accommodating.  They showed enthusiasm and concern for our work and
were very flexible in receiving changes in our operational schedule.

 Technical support during this cruise was excellent. STAG personnel were
available at any time to assist in our work and made things much easier
for us.

5.  DAILY REPORT OF ACTIVITIES (HST)

September 26, 2004; Loading Day

 Equipment loaded on this day. CTD wire was re-terminated and CTD system
tested.

September 27, 2004

 The ship departed from Snug harbor at 0900. Fire and abandon ship drills 
were conducted at 0930, followed by a science meeting during which cruise 
activities were briefly reviewed, and safety issues were addressed.

 Arrived to Kahe Station at 1155. A weight cast (400 lb) to 500 m was 
conducted at 1200, during which J. Snyder inspected the CTD wire. 

At 1225 the Profiling Reflectance Radiometer (PRR) was deployed. 

 A 1000-m CTD cast was started at 1257 and ended at 1409, after which the
ship headed towards Station ALOHA. 

 Arrived at Station ALOHA at 2340 and conducted a 1000-m CTD cast starting
at 2344.

September 28, 2004

 After the 1000-m CTD cast, a net tow was conducted, followed by the
deployment of the sediment traps array. The array was deployed 3 nm north 
from the center of ALOHA, to prevent it from drifting into the MOSEAN mooring.

 The deep CTD/PO cast started at 0245 and ended at 0619. The altimeter failed 
near the bottom of the cast, but the Pinger was successfully used to 
determine the distance of the CTD from the bottom. This cast was followed by
the  shallow CTD/PO cast at 0856, which marked the beginning of the 36-hr
CTD burst period. A total of six 1000-m CTD casts were conducted this
day. The CTD pressure readout had intermittent failures during CTD casts,
and was fixed by the Electronics Technician after cast 5 at ALOHA.

 Two net tows were conducted between 1000 and 1400. One net tow was conducted 
at 2200.

 Easterly winds up to 14 kt, with 7-8 ft swell from the north.

September 29, 2004

 Seven 1000-m CTD casts were conducted on this day, which completed the
36-hr CTD burst period. A second deep cast followed. The altimeter's cable was 
replaced before the deep cast and it worked fine.

 The primary productivity array was deployed at 0400, 2 nm NE from the
center of ALOHA station, and recovered at sunset (1840), 4 nm NW from the 
center.

 One PRR cast and one AC9/FRRf casts were conducted at noon time. 

 One net tow was conducted at night and one during the day

 Easterly winds up to 14 kt, with northward swell of 7-8 ft.

September 30, 2004

 The sediment trap array was retrieved at 0630, 11 nm NW from
the center of station ALOHA.

 One 200-dbar CTD casts was conducted at 0920 near the ORS mooring (Sta. 50), 
and another one at 1445 near the MOSEAN mooring (Sta. 51). One near-bottom
cast was conducted at station Kaena at 2140.

 One AC9/FRRf cast was conducted at 0300, and two more at noon time.
One PRR cast was conducted at noon. 

 Easterly winds up to 17 kt, with northward swell of 7-8 ft.

October 1, 2004

  Arrived at Snug Harbor at 0730. Full off-load took place immediately.


Sub component programs:

Investigator:                   Project/Institution:
-----------------               --------------------
Bob Bidigare                    HPLC pigments/UH
Mike Landry			Zooplankton dynamics/UH
John Dore			CO2 dynamics/UH
Marcie Grabowski		Controls on nitrogen fixation/UH
Karin Björkman			Nutrient Enrichment/UH

Ancillary programs:

Investigator:                   Project/Institution:
-----------------               --------------------
Charles Keeling                 CO2 dynamics and intercalibration/SIO
Mark Abbott/Ricardo Letelier    Optical measurements/OSU
Paul Quay			DI13C and O isotopes/UW
Penny Chisholm			Prochlorococcus population dynamics/MIT

Ancillary research during this cruise:

Investigator:                   Project/Institution:
-----------------               --------------------
Stuart Donachie			Antinfectives and Cytotoxins from Hawaiian 
				Marine Fungi and Yeasts/UH