Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT)
in the School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology at the University of Hawai'i at Manoa


HOT-111: Chief Scientist Report


Chief Scientist: D. HEBEL


HOT 111 Cruise Report
R/V Kaimikai O Kanaloa 
1-4 Feb., 2000
KOK 20-01


Personnel List

HOT 111:

WOCE group:
Fernando Santiago-Mandujano* 	Research Associate			UH
Michele Eich             	Research Associate              	UH
Mark Valenciano			Electronic Technician			UH
Don Wright*			Research Associate			UH


JGOFS group:
Dale Hebel             		Chief Scientist (co-PI JGOFS)  		UH
Louie Tupas			Scientist (co-PI JGOFS)  		UH
Lance Fujieki			Computer Specialist			UH
Ursula Magaard 			Research Associate			UH


Associated projects:
Colleen Allen (ML lab)		Research Associate 			UH
Tom Gregory	(CB-N lab)	Research Associate			UH
Jeremiah Johnson (JP lab) 	Research Associate			UH 


STAG:
Steve Poulos               	Electronic Technician       		UH-UMC
Dave Gravatt             	Deck Technician              		UH-UMC

* Watch Leader




Itinerary (approximate HST):

Wednesday, 26 Jan.
1915	Departed Pier 2 aboard R/V Thomas Thompson 
0400	On station    
0700	On station
0800	Buoy sighted
0840	Buoy captured
1000	Buoy recovery complete
2330 	Arrived Pier 2, off-loaded

Thurs 27 Jan
0130 	R/V Thomas Thompson departs


Tuesday, 1 Feb.
0900	Departed Snug Harbor 
0935	Fire/abandon ship drill, science meeting    
1135	Arrived Kahe Pt. (Sta. 1)
1155 	Weight cast (1000 m)
1235	PRR/TSRB casts 
1325  	s1c1
1435  	Departed Kahe

Wednesday, 2 Feb.
0000	Arrived Sta. Aloha (Sta. 2)
0015	Net tow
0045	Net tow
0200 	Completed sediment trap deployment (22o 43.6'N,157o 58.6'W)
0300	s2c1(WOCE deep)
0800	s2c2
1000  	Net tow 
1035  	Net tow
1100	s2c3
1200  	Net tow
1230  	Net tow	 
1300	PRR-600/TSRB cast
1410 	s2c4
1505 	in situ pump (in)
1630 	in situ pump (out)
1700 	s2c5
2000 	s2c6
2200	Net tow 
2230 	Net tow
2300 	s2c7

Thursday, 3 Feb.
0035	Net tow
0105	Net tow
0200	s2c8
0300  	Go-Flo cast	
0500	s2c9
0610	Deployed primary productivity array (22o 45.079'N, 157o 59.68'W)
0805	s2c10
1000 	Net tow
1030 	Net tow
1100 	s2c11
1200 	PRR-600/TSRB cast
1400	s2c12
1505 	in situ pump (in)
1625 	in situ pump (out)
1700	s2c13
1850	Recovered PP array
2000 	s2c14 (second WOCE deep cast)

Friday, 4 Feb.
0035	Transit sediment traps
0225	Arrived sediment traps (22o 28.9'N, 158o 09.6'W)
0400	Commenced sediment trap recovery
0410	Spar buoy on board
0450	Transit Honolulu
1400 	Arrived Snug Harbor

Monday, 7 Feb.
0800	Began offload HOT 111 equipment
1600	Completed loading HALE ALOHA mooring array recovery equipment
2100	Departed Snug

Tuesday, 8 Feb.
0500	Arrived HALE ALOHA station
0515	Triangulation operations
0730	Hard hats released
0810	Hard hats on surface
0920	Hooked floats
1010	Recovery completed, transit Honolulu (A/A full on bow thruster SCR & SCR #3)
1820 	Arrived Snug Harbor
2000	Deck equipment off-load completed




Narrative:
----------

HOT 111 was conducted aboard the R/V Kaimikai O Kanaloa (KOK), 1-4 February 
2000.  Captain Hayes was the master of the vessel and Dale Hebel chief 
scientist.  Initially there was a total of 14 participants in the scientific 
party composed of 4 WOCE, 6 JGOFS, 2 Ancillary and 2 STAG.  However, due to the 
postponement of the cruise (initially Jan. 24-28) one of the JGOFS participants 
was unavailable.  The delay in departure was due to problems with the newly 
installed SCR engine controllers and their synchronization.  This problem was 
especially frustrating since our HALE ALOHA mooring had separated from its 
bottom anchor and was floating free and we had planned on combining the HOT 
cruise with the buoy recovery.  The drifting buoy was noticed on the 21 Jan. 
(loading day), and it appeared that the buoy had been adrift since about the 
16th Jan.  Due to the constant delays, the cruise was rescheduled for the 
following week and a recovery effort was instituted (26-27 Jan.) aboard the R/V 
Thomas Thompson which, fortuitously, was in the area.  Following the rescheduled 
HOT cruise another recovery cruise was instituted aboard the KOK (7-8 Feb.), to 
retrieve the remaining line, hard-hats and acoustic releases from the mooring 
site.  

Since HALE ALOHA was no longer at its mooring site, station 8 activities were 
deleted from the schedule.  This and an early morning sediment trap recovery 
allowed us to return Friday afternoon instead of Saturday morning.  We departed 
Snug on 1 February occupying stations at, Kahe Pt. (sta. 1), and Station ALOHA 
(sta. 2).  All scheduled work was completed and all samples collected, however, 
a number of samples from the JGOFS-2 cast were compromised when they were 
discovered (7 Feb.) at room temperature still in the collection box.  CTD 
operations were conducted at stations 1 & 2.  One CTD cast was conducted at 
station 1, 14 CTD casts at Station ALOHA with 2 deep casts.  The HPLC cast 
(s2c14) was incorporated into the second WOCE deep cast.  Other over-the-side 
operations included 3 light casts, 12 net tows, 2 in situ pumping operations, 1 
Go-Flo cast, floating sediment traps and productivity operations.  All 
operations were routine with the exception of additional net tows for C. B. 
Nelson, a rosette Go-Flo primary productivity experiment comparison, and 
collection of atmospheric particulate material.  

The underway/continuous thermosalinograph and ADCP were operable and functioned 
properly.  No continuous pCO2 or fluorometry were measured on HOT 111 as well as 
limited meterological instrumentation. 

The weather was variable with higher winds, seas and mostly sunny skies at the 
beginning of the cruise with light winds, seas and mostly cloudy skies at the 
end of the cruise. 




Daily Activities (HST)

Tuesday 18 Jan., 2000
HOT 111 pre-cruise meeting, MSB 306 at 1030 hrs.

Friday 21 Jan., 2000
Ship loading day.

Monday 24 Jan., 2000
All personnel are on standby due to SCR controller problems.  Cruise postponed 
until Tuesday.

Tuesday 25 Jan., 2000
Problems still persist, cruise postponed until Wednesday.

Wednesday 26 Jan., 2000
Problem continues and there is no strong indication that it will be solved the 
next day, therefore, the cruise was rescheduled for the following week.  In the 
interim we have learned that the R/V Thomas Thompson just left Honolulu Harbor 
and were fortunate to arrange her return to recover our drifting HALE ALOHA 
buoy.  We departed (Scientific Party: Terry Houlihan, Lance Fujieki, Dale Hebel, 
Mark Valenciano, Don Wright and Dave Gravat) pier 2 at 1915 hrs. 

Thursday 27 Jan., 2000
Steamed to what we decided was a safe distance to hold-off until light due to 
the uncertainty in the amount of line that may drifting on the surface.  There 
was about 1500 m of neutral buoyancy 3/4" nylon line and the same length of 
positive buoyancy 3/4' polypropylene.  At 0715 we headed towards the search area 
and at 0810 spotted the buoy.  The winds were trades at 20-30 kts, seas rough, 
swell 8-10 ft, under mostly cloudy skies.

During the recovery the PVC ring was damaged and at least one anemometer was 
lost along with possible other instrument damage.  Once the buoy was hooked and 
secured the buoy was towed upwind to limit the possibility of entangling the 
mooring line in the props.  Once in position the buoy was recovered with 
considerable effort since the bottom metal stand had separated from the float 
and when the buoy was lifted it slid off the donut-shaped float although the 
chain, which secured the down-line array, was still attached passing through the 
float's center hole.  The float, which had fallen back into the water, was 
finally hooked and lifted onto the deck, followed by instrument array.  About 
1500 m of 5/16" plastic jacketed cable and about 500 m of 3/4" nylon line were 
recovered.  Following is a slightly edited copy of events by Terry Houlihan who 
directed our recovery team: 

Due to the uncertainty of the availability of the K-O-K we were able to
charter the R/V Thomas Thompson which had recently ended a science cruise
from San Diego to Honolulu.  The charter was on very short notice, the
Thompson was four hours into her return to Seattle when we were made aware
of her location and the appropriate phone calls and arrangements were made
so that the ship could return to Hawaii and help us in our buoy
rescue.  Thanks to the UH Marine Center, the UW Marine Center, the NSF and
the captain and crew of the Thompson for the quick response to our
request.  The approval  was granted in a matter of a few hours, pretty
amazing for us here in Hawaii.

The Thompson left Pier 2 at approximately 2000 on 26 January with 6
scientists from Hawaii on board.  Equipment was also trucked from the
Marine Center to the pier to aid in the recovery.  We transitted overnight
and arrived at an intercept point south of the projected drift track at
0600.  The flashing navigation light was not visible so we decided to stand
off until daybreak to ensure that we did not foul any of the buoy line that
might have been on the surface.  Captain Gray plotted out a dead reckoning
projected location of the buoy from the Argos drift track and at about 0800
the buoy was sighted right where predicted.  Coincidentally the buoy was
recovered in Station Aloha after an interesting trip, the track is plotted
on the HALE ALOHA homepage:

http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/hale-aloha/positions.html.

Some of the instruments faired very well, many were lost.  One UW Seacat/GTD was
totally lost, one was recovered in somewhat damaged condition.  One MBARI
Nitrate sensor was totally lost, one sustained considerable
damage.  Although the OSU optical instrument hard had was recovered, the
sensor was missing and the glass sphere was shattered.  Both MIT trace
metal samplers looked in good condition although a few of the individual
samplers were damaged.  The UH/Karl Seacats were recovered with the
external sensors gone.  All the UH/Karl thermistors and UH/Lucas Seacats
were recovered and looked like they may have sustained some superficial
external damage, more will be know as the instruments are inspected
closely.  The meteorological sensors were a near total loss as was the
surface buoy and tower.  We are fairly confident that the flotation
hardhats and dual releases are in recoverable condition and will be
retrieved at an appropriate time. We returned to Pier 2 at 2330 on 27
January where the buoy, gear and scientists were offloaded and trucked
home.  The Thompson was finally on her way home by 0130.

The line parted at the termination between the top two 500m nylon
sections.  The thimble was missing from the upper section and it looked
like it was not due to splicing but to some abrasion.  It appeared that the
damage to the instruments was due to the failure of the stainless bolts
that held the base on to the buoy.  The buoy had a metal frame made from
angle iron that was used to stand the buoy upright while it was on
land.  This frame was missing upon recovery and it is guessed that as this
frame fell through the water column it damaged the instruments and possibly
caused the abrasion at the point where the line parted.


Tuesday 1 Feb., 2000
Departed Snug Harbor 0900 hrs.  After departure and past the entrance buoy we 
had the routine fire/abandon ship drill followed by a short science meeting to 
review the schedule and safety concerns.  Arrived Kahe 1135 hrs and conducted a 
1000 m weight cast, PRR/TSRB casts, and final 1020 db CTD cast. All equipment 
functioned properly and all samples were collected. Departed Kahe 1435 hrs. 

Skies were mostly sunny with 3-4' seas, 3-6 swell and 18-22 kt winds. 


Wednesday, 2 Feb., 2000
Arrived Station ALOHA ~0000 hrs.  Completed all scheduled operations through 
s2c7.  This included 8 net tows, 7 hydrocasts, 1 light cast, 1 in situ pump 
operation, and deployment of floating sediment trap array.

Skies were mostly clear with 7-17 kt winds and 2-3 seas with 4-5 NNW swell.


Thursday 3 Feb. 2000
Conducted 7 CTD casts including second WOCE deep cast, 4 net tows, 1 PRR/TSRB 
cast, 1 in situ pump operation, 1 Go-Flo cast and deployment/recovery of primary 
productivity array.  

The winds have decreased to 7-12 kts, seas have decreased to 2' with a 2-4' 
swells.  Skies are mostly cloudy.


Friday 4 Feb. 2000
Since we combined the HPLC cast with second WOCE deep cast we departed 
Sta. ALOHA earlier than scheduled to intercept the floating sediment traps.  The 
trap array was spotted in the very early morning and we stood-off until R. 
Barnes took the bridge shortly before 0400 hrs.  By ~0500 hrs the traps and 
array was on board and we departed for Honolulu.  We arrived Snug Harbor 1400 
hrs. and conducted a partial off loading.

Winds continue to be light, with 2-3 seas and 2-3swell.  Skies were mostly 
cloudy. 


Monday 7 Feb. 2000
Completed off-loading of HOT 111 equipment and on-loading of HALE ALOHA 
subsurface array recovery equipment.  Departed Snug Harbor 2100 hrs (science 
party: Terry Houlihan, Lance Fujieki, Dale Hebel and Dave Gravat).  We arrive at 
the mooring site shortly before 0500 and began triangulation operations.  The 
acoustic releases were released at ~0730 and spotted on the surface some 4 (?) 
km away.  The recovery went without incident and was completed shortly after 
1000 hrs.  Two of the 37 hard hats had imploded.  We recovered ~1000 m of ¾ 
nylon, ~1500 m ¾ polypro, 37 hard hats, and the two acoustic releases.  There 
was evidence that the buoy stand continued down the line, past the break point, 
for some (at present) indeterminable distance.

The recovery was conducted in light winds, seas and swells.  We departed the 
mooring site ~1000 hrs and arrived at Snug Harbor ~1830 hrs.  The recovery and 
retrieved equipment was off-loaded that night to facilitate the MOBY cruise 
loading the following morning.  


Meterological Data
------------------

HOT 111:
Below is listed the cruise bridge log meterological descriptions. The various 
values represent the range for that day.  Under wind, sea, and swell there will 
be two designations, the first is the direction (in degrees), the second for 
wind is in kts, sea in Beauford force, and swell in feet, barometer in inches of 
Hg, temp oC (dry bulb) and clouds in tenths.

Day Date  	Wind           Sea     	    Swell    	  Barometer    Temp	Clouds
Thurs 27 Jan. 	060-090,22-30  060-090,RGH  030-070,8-12  22.5-24.9    70-75   	4-8

Tues 1 Feb. 	070-120,18-22  070-120,3-4  090-340,3-6	  29.98-30.02  72-81   	2
Wed 2 Feb.  	120-240,7-17   120-240,2-3  340,4-5  	  29.85-29.97  71-78   	1-3
Thur 3 Feb. 	070-270,7-12   000-260,2    090-340,2-4   29.84-29.89  72-78  	2-9
Fri 4 Feb*	185-230,6-8    185-230,1-2  290,2-3 	  29.85-29.89  72-74  	3-8

Mon 7 Feb.**	012-9 	       012-2 			  29.96	       70	3
Tues 8 Feb***	100,7-10       100,2 	    340,3-4 	  29.93-30.02  72-76  	2-6

*Three entries  (0200, 0600 & 1000 hrs)
**One entry (2200 hrs)
***Two entries (0600 & 1000 hrs)



Equipment and methods:
----------------------
All standard equipment functioned properly				 


Sub component programs:
-----------------------

Investigator:               		Project:
-------------              	        ----------
Karl/Winn (UH)       			DIC, Alk.,/UH
Bob Bidigare (UH)           		HPLC pigments/UH
Michael Landry (UH)     		zooplankton dynamics/UH

Ancillary programs:
-------------------

Investigator:               		Project:
-------------              	        ----------
Charles Keeling (SIO)       		CO2 dynamics and intercalibration/SIO
Paul Quay (UW)          		DIC and 13C/UW
Ed Boyle				trace metals/MIT
John Porter				aerosols/UH
Abbott/Letelier				optical measurements/OSU
Claudia B-Nelson			Radiogenic phosphorus

Students:
---------


Others:
-------
Karl/Hebel/Tupas			EOC, 1o prod. comparison/UH